| 摘要: |
| 对《民法典》第1186条的解释适用应采“另起新篇”的视角，法条中的“法律的规定”并不包括第6条的公平原则的规定，也并非仅指有关法律后果的规定，而是指具备构成要件和法律后果的其他法律规定。《民法典》第1186条的制定相当于废止了原先的《侵权责任法》第24条，其自身无意义，删除亦无妨。《民法通则》第132条和《侵权责任法》第24条都是教义学上的拐杖，是在教义学双腿还不够有力时可供其依托的工具。《民法典》实施后，应当舍弃掉这根拐杖，在民法典相关具体制度背景下，就既往涉及公平责任一般规定的案型，重新思考定位。以男女双方自愿发生性行为后就流产等相关费用或损失的分担问题为例，不妨在合伙、无因管理甚至共有制度视角下重新观察理解，以获致妥当的处理方案。由此，也可对体育运动中受伤的损失分担问题的解决给出有益的启示。 |
| 关键词: 合伙、公平责任、教义学上的拐杖、教义学懈怠 |
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| Crutch and its Abandonment in Dogmatics： On the Legal Application of Article 1186 of the Civil Code Based on an Example of Sharing of Consequences of Sexual Behavior |
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Sun Weifei
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| Abstract: |
| In interpreting Article 1186 of the Civil Code, we should adopt the perspective of “turning over a new leaf”， that is to say， the “provisions of law” in the article should not include Article 6, which relates to the principle of fairness， nor should it refer to the provisions merely related to legal consequences， but should refer to other legal provisions with constitutive requirements and legal consequences． The formulation of Article 1186 of the Civil Code is equivalent to repealing the original Article 24 of the Tort Liability Law， and it would not be harmful to delete it because of its meaningless． Both Article 132 of the General Principles of Civil Law and Article 24 of the Tort Liability Law are crutches or tools to be relied on in dogmatics which are still not strong enough． After the implementation of the Civil Code， we should abandon this crutch and reconsider those cases which the general provision of fairness liability has been applied in． For example， in the question of the sharing of costs or losses related to abortion resulting from the voluntarily having sex， we may wish to observe and understand it again from the perspective of partnership， negotiorum gestio and even co ownership in order to obtain a reasonable result． Then it may provide useful enlightenment to solve the problem of loss sharing in sports injuries． |
| Key words: Partnership, Fairness Liability, Crutch in Dogmatics, Slothful Dogmatics |
