| 摘要: |
| 宪法第四章国旗、国歌、国徽、首都是我国宪法文本的重要组成部分,应当将其纳入宪法学规范阐释的视野,对宪法第四章与宪法其他规范条款无关的错误认识祛魅。宪法作为国旗、国歌、国徽、首都的终极规范性来源,也就意味着国旗、国歌、国徽、首都不再仅是以图案、词谱和地理位置象征和标志国家,而是意味着效力上的根本性和内涵上的规范性。从"国家标志"和"国家象征"的语词和功能出发,"国家象征和标志"应当成为宪法学上的规范概念与基本范畴。国家认同是国家象征和标志与宪法的重要链接点。一方面,国家象征和标志通过宪法上的文化国家观念和政治国家观念塑造国家认同;另一方面,"社会平等的自由观"作为国家象征和标志塑造国家认同的"深层结构",是宪法上以人民民主和基本权利为中心塑造国家认同的结构耦合。在理解了宪法上国家象征和标志的规范内涵的基础上,全国人大及其常委会应当以宪法为根本指针,从全面保障国家象征和标志的宪制地位、强化国家象征和标志的专门监管保护两个层面完善国家象征和标志的立法,把落实国家认同作为宪法赋予部门法的重要任务,实现整体法秩序的统一。 |
| 关键词: 国家象征和标志、国家认同、国家观念、人民主权 |
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| Constitutional Interpretation of National Symbols and Hallmarks： Taking National Identity as the Center |
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| Abstract: |
| In chapter Ⅳ of the Constitution， the national flag， the national anthem， the national emblem， and the capital are the important parts of China's constitutional text， which should be included in the vision of the normative interpretation of the constitutional norms． The fourth chapter of the Constitution has nothing to do with other constitutional provisions of the wrong understanding of disenchantment． As the ultimate normative source of the national flag， the national anthem， the national emblem， and the capital， the Constitution means that the national flag， the national anthem， the national emblem， and the capital are no longer only symbols and marks of the country with patterns， a song， and a geographical location， but also mean fundamental effectiveness and normative connotation． From the words and functions of “national symbol” and “national hallmark”， “national symbol and hallmark” should become the constitutional concept and basic category in the Constitution． National identification is an important linking point between national symbols & hallmarks and the Constitution． On the one hand， national symbols and hallmarks shape national identification through the constitutional concept of the cultural state and political state． On the other hand， “the view of a free and equal society”， as the “deep structure” of national identification， is the structural coupling of the Constitution to shape national identification with people's democracy and basic rights being the center． On the basis of understanding the normative connotation of the national symbols and hallmarks in the Constitution, the NPC and its Standing Committee should take the Constitution as the fundamental guideline in an all-round way to ensure the constitutional status of the national symbols and hallmarks， and strengthen the special supervision and protection of national symbols and hallmarks to improve the legislation of national symbols and hallmarks． National identification should be taken as an important task entrusted by the Constitution to the department law， to realize the unity of the legal order． |
| Key words: National Symbols and Hallmarks, National Identification, National Concept, Popular Sovereignty |
