| 摘要: |
| 为确定共有财产中的债务人份额，《民事强制执行法（草案）》等部分立法选择由执行程序直接析产，而不是当前司法解释采取的由另案诉讼程序析产模式。因析产诉讼制度在法理基础和制度设置方面存在问题，譬如加重债权人负担、影响执行效率、制度功能单一等，使制度效能难以彰显，应将其“废弃”。在共有财产执行程序，执行机构通过形式化析产，能够较为准确地确定绝大部分共有财产的份额，以其替代析产诉讼具备正当性。当事人对执行析产不服的，另案析产诉讼无法提供救济；通过执行异议之诉审查执行析产，实质性界定财产份额，能为相关主体提供更充分的救济。“废弃”析产诉讼，不是剥夺共有人另行提起财产分割诉讼的权利，而是另诉取得的裁判原则上不能拘束本案执行程序。 |
| 关键词: 共有物分割 执行析产 析产诉讼 执行异议之诉 实质析产 |
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| 基金项目:2024年度重庆市教委人文社科项目“执行法典化背景下执行程序分割共有物体系化研究”（项目编号： 24SKGH036）、重庆市教委科技项目“在线诉讼赋能数字重庆建设研究”（项目编号： KJQN202300313）、国家博士后面上基金“共有财产执行问题研究”（项目编号： 2024M762707）、“国家资助博士后研究人员计划”（项目编号： GZC20232202）、重庆市博士后研究项目特别资助（项目编号： 2024CQBSHTB3103） |
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| Abandonment of Separation Litigation in the Execution of Co owned Property |
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Zhao Dawei
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| Abstract: |
| To determine the debtor's share in the co-owned property, some legislative options such as the Civil Compulsory Enforcement Law (Draft) choose to directly divide the property through the execution procedure, rather than the current judicial interpretation's mode of division through separate litigation procedures. Due to problems in the legal basis and institutional setting of the property division litigation system, such as increasing the burden on creditors, affecting enforcement efficiency, and having a single institutional function, the effectiveness of the system is difficult to demonstrate, and it should be “abandoned”. In the execution procedure of co-owned property, by formalizing the division of property, the executing agency can accurately determine the shares of most co-owned properties, which has legitimacy as a substitute for division litigation. If the parties are dissatisfied with the execution of property division, a separate property division lawsuit cannot provide relief; by reviewing the execution of property separation and substantially defining the share of property, action for objection to enforcement can provide more comprehensive relief for relevant parties. Abandoning property division litigation does not deprive co-owners of the right to file separate property division lawsuits, but the judgment obtained through separate litigation generally cannot constrain the execution procedure of this case. |
| Key words: Division of Co-owned Property, Execution of Property Separation, Litigation of Property Separation, Action for Objection to Enforcement, Substantive Property Separation |
