| 摘要: |
| 公司法深层结构是指公司法表层结构背后对于公司和公司法的观念认知、功能理解，展现了有关公司法的政治伦理、经济逻辑、文化理念。公司法的深层结构具有历史性特征，决定了不同国家或地区公司法的“精神气质”和“内在品格”，对于公司法的体系安排、制度建构、规范解释亦能发挥重要作用。从公司法发展历史来看，公司法深层结构决定了“民主型”英国东印度公司和“专制型”荷兰东印度公司的不同，二者在股东权利保护、公司权力分配、董事责任约束、股东自治空间、政府关系处理等方面形成了不同风格的制度体系，并对于英美法系公司法和大陆法系公司法产生了深远的影响。在我国公司法全面修改背景下，有必要深入考察我国公司法的深层结构及其对公司法治实践的影响，并立足本土实际、基于现实国情探讨公司法改革的重点方向和实施路径。 |
| 关键词: 公司法深层结构 东印度公司 股东权利 公司治理 公司法修改 |
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| 基金项目:2019年度国家社会科学基金课题“公司双重股权结构司法审查标准研究”（项目编号： 19BFX132）和2018年度司法部国家法治与法学理论研究课题“公司治理改革与公司法完善——以股票投票权差异化安排为核心”（项目编号： 18SFB2035） |
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| The Deep Structure of Company Law： From East India Company to Chinese Company Law |
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Xia Xiaoxiong
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| Abstract: |
| The reform of company law involves not only external issues such as norm revision, institution perfection and system optimization, but also internal structure issues. The internal structure issues of company law refer to conceptual cognition and functional understanding of the company and company law behind their superficial structures, showing political ethics, economic logic and cultural ideas of the company law. The internal structure of company law has historical characteristics, which determine the “spiritual temperament” and “inner character” of company law in a specific country or region. It can also play an important role in the system arrangement, institution construction and normative interpretation of company law. From the perspective of the development history of company law, internal structure of company law makes the “democratic” British East India Company and the “authoritarian” Dutch East India Company diverge, which possessed the different styles of institutional systems in the aspects including protection of shareholders' rights, distribution of corporate power, restraint of directors' responsibilities, space for shareholder autonomy, and government relations. The divergence also had a profound impact on the development of company laws in common law countries and civil law countries. Under the background of a new round of comprehensive revision of company law in PRC, it is necessary to deeply examine the internal structure of Chinese company law and its influence on the practice of corporate law, and to explore the key direction and implementation path of company law reform based on our local realities and national conditions. |
| Key words: Deep Structure of Company Law, Deep Structure, East India Company, Shareholders' Rights, Corporate Governance, Reform of Company Law |
