| 摘要: |
| 劳动法规定的劳动者权利未实现或部分得以实现的，都是劳动者权利的“减损”。关注劳动者权利在强制执行阶段的保障情况既是解决我国执行难问题的重要渠道之一，也是对劳动者权利保护研究逻辑的必然要求。一个都会区的法院从“基本解决执行难”改革以来劳动执行案件的数据显示，进入强制执行的劳动争议案件中劳动者权利减损的状况较为严峻。统计检验发现，诉源因素与国家纠纷解决机构干预因素共同影响了劳动执行案件的执行效果，执行改革下我国劳动执行案件的执行效果呈现出明显的用人单位“分类化”“强法院弱仲裁”的权利保障分野以及“冷法律热政治”的裁执衔接运行特征。这些特征既验证了法经济学、法社会学与传统劳动关系研究中的丰富理论，也呈现了中国劳动执行中的独特理论问题。这些发现表明，尽管执行改革从主体、结构与工具上改变了我国劳动关系治理面貌，但我国劳动权利保护悖论与劳动关系治理逻辑的问题依然存在。因诉源因素对劳动执行效果的影响明显更高，未来应改变劳动关系治理逻辑，重视劳动争议诉源因素视角的改革，改善劳动争议纠纷解决机构的干预方式，双重发力共同提高我国劳动者权利保障水平。 |
| 关键词: 劳动案件 执行 实证研究 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:四川大学法学院“‘研究阐释党的十九届四中全会精神’专项研究课题”（项目编号： sculaw20190309）、四川大学法学院“2022年度中央高校基本科研业务费（法学）研究课题”（项目编号： 2022fxy04） |
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| “Impaired” Labor Rights—An Empirical Study Based on G District Court Labor Enforcement Cases |
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Zhou Mi
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| Abstract: |
| The rights of workers stipulated in the Labor Law are not realized or partially realized， which is the impairment of the rights of workers． Focusing on the protection of labor rights at the court enforcement stage is not only one of the important approaches to solve the “enforcement conundrum” in China， but also an inevitable requirement for the research logic of labor rights protection． An empirical study of labor dispute enforcement cases since the Basically Solve the Difficulty of Enforcement reforms in a metropolitan district court shows that the derogation of workers rights in labor dispute cases that have entered enforcement is quite severe． Statistical tests show that the source of litigation and the intervention of the dispute settlement body influence the enforcement effect of these cases． Under the enforcement reform， the implementation effect of labor enforcement cases in China shows the obvious characteristics of “classification” of employing units， “strong courts but weak arbitration” in the protection of labor rights， and “cold law but hot politics” in the cohesion operation mechanism of sentence and enforcement． These characteristics not only verify the rich theories in law and economics， sociology of law， and traditional labor relations research， but also present the unique theoretical problems in Chinas labor execution． These findings also show that although the implementation of reform has changed the governance of labor relations in China from the aspects of subject， structure and tools， the paradox of labor rights protection and governance logic still exists． Due to the fact that the source of litigation has a greater influence on the effect of labor enforcement， in the future， the logic of labor relationship governance should be changed， enough attention should be paid to the source of labor dispute litigation， and the improvement of dispute settlement bodies should be supplemented． Only in this way can we improve the level of labor rights protection in China． |
| Key words: Labor Dispute Case, Enforcement, Empirical Study |
