| 摘要: |
| 在行政处罚案例的审判实践中,已经形成"援宪说理"的四种具体方式:公民附带违宪、政府附带违宪、基本权利限制以及单纯合宪认定。尽管此种援引宪法活动与规范主义的法律方法、宪法理论存在诸多扞格之处,但亦十分生动地展示了一幅行政处罚规范合宪性解释的"中国式图景"。在规范层面,行政处罚规范的合宪性解释应遵循一套符合既有法学方法论并逻辑严谨的方法,特别是在选择正当的宪法规范面临原则（价值）冲突时,应经由个案中之法益衡量加以解决;至于运用界限,解释者应对行政处罚规范的文义限度有充分自觉,其运用亦不得与行政处罚法定原则相抵牾。 |
| 关键词: 行政处罚 援宪说理 合宪性解释 案例分析 |
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| 基金项目:2014年度国家社科基金重大项目“法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设进程中的地方实践研究”（项目编号14ZDC007）的资助； |
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| Constitutionality of Administrative Penalties — An Empirical Investigation based on 66 Administrative Penalty Cases |
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Tan Qingzhi
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| Abstract: |
| With a comprehensive study of the judgement documents about administrative penalty cases, four modes of “constitutional application for reasoning” have been formed in judicial practice. The modes include Constitutional Violation of Citizens, Constitutional Violation of Government, Restriction of Fundamental Rights, and Simple Acknowledgement of Constitutionality. Though there were many conflicts between these modes and normative theories of legal methodology and constitution, the judges vividly revealed a Sinicism Prospect of interpretation of constitutionality on administrative penalty norm. At the normative level, the interpretation of constitutionality on administrative penalty norm shall follow a set of methods which accord with the established legal methodology and logic requirements. In particular, the measurement of legal interests in case shall be used to resolve principle （value） conflicts with which judge is confronted in the process of selecting the legitimate constitutional norm. Furthermore, the interpreter shall fully realize the literal limits of the administrative penalty norm, and the interpretation of constitutionality shall not contradict the principle of statutory penalty. |
| Key words: Administrative Penalty, Constitutional Application for Reasoning, Interpretation of Constitutionality, Case Analysis |
